To harvest the solar energy, the most common way is to use solar panels made by array of solar photovoltaics (PVs) cells that convert sunlight into direct current electricity. Photovoltaic production has been doubling every 2 years, increasing by an average of 48 percent recent years. In the same time, driven by advances in technology and increases in manufacturing scale for high demand, the cost of photovoltaics has declined dramatically.

Both solar and wind powers are an intermittent energy source, meaning that solar and wind powers are not available at all times. Solar energy can be stored in the form of heat, which is made available overnight. Wind power can also produce electricity during night.

Only a minuscule fraction of the available solar energy is used now. We should focus on decreasing the reliance on fossil-fuel generated electricity by lowering the cost of electricity from solar power and improving the efficiency of photovoltaics (PVs) cells and storage systems.